Table of contents
1 What is lockjaw?
2 What are the causes of lockjaw?
What causes lockjaw This causes lockjaw
3 Can I prevent lockjaw?
4 What are the complications of lockjaw?
5 What treatment methods are available?
Treatment of lockjaw Treatment of lockjaw
6 What do I have to consider after an operation?
The first few hours after the operation with anesthesia still active The first 24 hours after the operation The first days after the operation The first weeks after the operation

In many cases, lockjaw or lockjaw has harmless causes, but you should still get to the bottom of it. If left untreated, it is not only extremely annoying in everyday life, but could also lead to complications. We'll show you what the causes are, how they can be treated and how you can avoid lockjaw in the future!

What is lockjaw?

If you have lockjaw, the movement of your mouth is impaired. If you cannot close your mouth completely, this is called lockjaw. If you have difficulty opening your mouth completely, you are affected by lockjaw. These conditions are not diseases in their own right, but are always symptoms of another problem. This is why, after making a diagnosis, the doctor will try to get to the bottom of the cause of your lockjaw so that they can then offer you a suitable treatment option.1

What are the causes of lockjaw?

The causes of lockjaw are surprisingly varied. They usually have to do with conditions that affect the muscles, the nerves of the jaw or the surrounding tissue of the temporomandibular joint in different ways. Although there are serious causes, such as tumors, it is usually more harmless circumstances that lead to lockjaw or lockjaw. Especially if lockjaw occurs after dental surgery, you should simply wait until the local anesthetic wears off.

What causes lockjaw

  • Genetic malformation of the jaw
  • Jaw fracture (splintered bone fragments can restrict the mobility of the jaw)
  • A dislocated temporomandibular joint (often caused by intense yawning and less frequently by an injury)
  • Tumors
  • Arthritis deformans of the temporomandibular joint (osteoarthritis is strongly age-related, very unlikely in young patients)
  • Swelling of the oral mucosa (inside of the cheeks) due to abscesses or local anaesthesia2
  • Similar swelling due to wisdom tooth surgery

This causes lockjaw

  • Inflammation in the jaw area (e.g. due to a transversely growing wisdom tooth or after dental treatment)
  • Bacterial infections that paralyze the muscles
  • Still active local anesthesia of the lower jaw
  • Spasms of the masticatory muscles (can be caused by various serious illnesses such as tetanus,3 epilepsy or meningitis)
  • Scarring of the masticatory muscles as a result of surgical or radiological treatment
  • Disc displacement in the inner jaw joint
  • Arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint
  • Tumors4
  • Fractures in the temporomandibular joint
  • Bruxism (unconscious teeth grinding - often at night during deep sleep)5

Can I prevent lockjaw?

If you are regularly affected by this, you should have the position of your jaw joint checked by an orthodontist. You can also prevent the threat of lockjaw or lockjaw by seeing a doctor if your jaw cracks or grinds. These symptoms could indicate osteoarthritis or bruxism (involuntary teeth grinding, e.g. due to mental stress).

If you are already experiencing problems with your temporomandibular joint and are also a side sleeper, you should try sleeping on your back. This will prevent one-sided strain on your jaw.6

What are the complications of lockjaw?

A lockjaw or lockjaw whose cause has been correctly diagnosed and treated is almost always free of complications. In rare cases, lockjaw can lead to serious complications. If the underlying disease spreads, this can lead to painful muscle spasms, difficulty swallowing or shortness of breath. Severe lockjaw can restrict the ability to speak. If the lockjaw occurs due to malocclusion and is not treated, it may recur if the malocclusion was not treated after the first instance. In rare cases where the cause is a tumor, facial nerves can become paralyzed, which in turn can affect tear and saliva production.7

What treatment methods are available?

Once the cause of your lockjaw or lockjaw has been diagnosed by your GP or orthopaedic surgeon, they will discuss with you the appropriate treatment options, which can be as varied as the causes.

Treatment of lockjaw

Adjustment of the temporomandibular joint

If your temporomandibular joint head is dislocated, it is repositioned using the Hippocrates grip. The lower jaw is moved downwards and forwards with medium pressure so that the head of the joint can be repositioned.

Surgical treatment

If you have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint or a jaw fracture, or if the above-mentioned adjustment has not been successful, surgery is usually the only treatment option.8

Treatment of lockjaw

  • Physiotherapy:
    The elasticity of your chewing muscles is specifically trained several times a week.
  • Drug treatment:
    If your lockjaw is caused by inflammation, a prescription for anti-inflammatories is usually enough to relieve you of your lockjaw.
  • Bite splints:
    Can correct malformations of the jaw.
  • Local anesthesia of the nerve tracts:
    Can relieve cramps in the chewing muscles.
  • Surgical treatment:
    Surgery is performed in particular for a fracture of the lower jaw, tumors or a disc displacement in the inner temporomandibular joint.9

What do I have to consider after an operation?

Regardless of whether you were affected by a jaw lock or jaw clamp, surgery in the jaw area are surgical interventions that usually take place without complications, but still exercise stress on your body. Correct aftercare after the operation is extremely important to ensure healthy recovery. Please take into account the following tips and contact your treating doctor if there are ambiguities. 10

The first hours after the operation with even active anesthesia

  • The local anesthesia and the physical stress on the intervention can affect your reaction. Therefore, you should definitely avoid participation in road traffic for several hours.
  • No food or hot drinks for several hours. You could injure yourself without noticing it.
  • If you have received a pressure bandage or an inserted swab, please follow your doctor's instructions to avoid bleeding as best you can.
  • Put on a cold handling to counteract swelling.

The first 24 hours after the operation

The following measures reduce the risk of post -bleeding in the first 24 hours, which in turn inhibit the healing process:

  • Avoid alcohol, black tea, coffee or sugar -containing soft drinks
  • Do without smoking at least one day.

The first days after the operation

  • No sauna or steam bath visits
  • As soon as the anesthesia has completely subsided (in many cases usually only on the following day), you should protect your jaw as best you can and avoid chewing as far as possible.
  • You have to avoid hot food in any case!

Optimal nutrition after jaw operation with high -caloric drinking food

After an jaw operation, chewing solid food can be painful or even impossible. In this phase is High -caloric drinking food an ideal solution to supply your body with all the necessary nutrients, without burdening the jaw. This Astronaut food is not only gently to your jaw, but also easy to consume And can help optimize the energy intake without having to chew firm food. Choose liquid food that is rich in vitamins, minerals and proteins, to support the healing process and to support the body in regeneration. This can be particularly important in the first days after the operation if the food intake is otherwise a challenge.

Buy drinkable meals

The first weeks after surgery

  • Avoid physical exertion for 4-6 weeks. If your job requires it, your doctor will issue you with a certificate of incapacity for work.
  • Brush your teeth three times a day and avoid the immediate area of the operation.
  • You should avoid heavy chewing (e.g. raw carrots, apples or hard nuts) for 6 weeks.

FAQs

What is lockjaw?

If you have lockjaw, you cannot close your mouth completely.

What is lockjaw?

A symptom where you cannot open your mouth completely. The causes of lockjaw are usually even more varied than those of lockjaw. This means that there are also many therapies that can be used depending on the cause.

How long does lockjaw last?

This depends on the cause. A lockjaw caused by temporary anesthesia or swelling only lasts a few hours. An untreated malocclusion or an untreated tumor, on the other hand, can lead to lockjaw for several years.

How do you get a lockjaw?

If you suffer from lockjaw, either the nerves, the surrounding tissue or the muscles are affected in some way. The most common causes of lockjaw are usually relatively harmless and can be treated without surgery.

What can you do if your jaw is constantly stuck?

If your jaw is constantly locked, you should always see your GP, as this indicates a chronic cause, such as a displaced disc, a tumor or osteoarthritis of the jaw joint. If your GP is unsure and there is a need for clarification, they will probably refer you to an orthodontist.

Is a jaw lock dangerous?

In most cases, a jaw lock is painful and uncomfortable, but not dangerous. The jaw joints can temporarily block themselves by cramping the chewing muscles, usually due to tension, stress or nightly teeth. As a rule, the jaw lock can be solved independently by relaxation exercises, warmth and careful opening and closing movements of the lower jaw.

You might be interested in that too

1 3

Sources

  1. Dhanrajani, P. J., & Jonaidel, O. (2002). Trismus: aetiology, differential diagnosis and treatment. Dental update, 29(2), 88-94.
  2. Iguchi, N., Fukumitsu, K., Kinouchi, K., Kawaraguchi, Y., & Yamanishi, T. (2004). Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 53(3), 306-308.
  3. Giannini, L., Maccari, A., Chiesa, V., & Canevini, M. P. (2016). Trismus, the first symptom in a challenging diagnosis of tetanus. BMJ case reports, 2016, bcr2015213897.
  4. Pauli, N., Andréll, P., Johansson, M., Fagerberg-Mohlin, B., & Finizia, C. (2015). Treating trismus: A prospective study on effect and compliance to jaw exercise therapy in head and neck cancer. Head & neck, 37(12), 1738-1744.
  5. Marien M., Jr (1997). Trismus: causes, differential diagnosis, and treatment. General dentistry, 45(4), 350-355.
  6. Luyk, N. H., & Steinberg, B. (1990). Aetiology and diagnosis of clinically evident jaw trismus. Australian dental journal, 35(6), 523-529.
  7. Wright, E. F., & North, S. L. (2009). Management and treatment of temporomandibular disorders: a clinical perspective. The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy, 17(4), 247-254.
  8. Schiffman, E. L., Velly, A. M., Look, J. O., Hodges, J. S., Swift, J. Q., Decker, K. L., Anderson, Q. N., Templeton, R. B., Lenton, P. A., Kang, W., & Fricton, J. R. (2014). Effects of four treatment strategies for temporomandibular joint closed lock. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 43(2), 217-226.
  9. Marien M., Jr (1997). Trismus: causes, differential diagnosis, and treatment. General dentistry, 45(4), 350-355.
  10. Khechoyan D. Y. (2013). Orthognathic surgery: general considerations. Seminars in plastic surgery, 27(3), 133-136.